Ob qhov kub dov thiab txias dov yog cov txheej txheem rau kev tsim cov hlau phaj lossis cov profiles, thiab lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau cov qauv thiab cov khoom ntawm cov hlau.
Hlau dov feem ntau yog siv kub dov, thaum txias dov feem ntau tsuas yog siv los tsim me me - cov hlau loj thiab nyias daim hlau, thiab lwm cov ntaub ntawv hlau uas xav tau qhov ntev.
I. Kub Rolling
Los ntawm kev txhais, steel ingots lossis billets yog qhov nyuaj rau deform nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub thiab tsis yooj yim rau txheej txheem. Lawv feem ntau rhuab mus rau 1100-1250℃rau dov; txheej txheem dov no hu ua kub dov.
Qhov kub ntawm qhov kub dov yog feem ntau 800-900 degree, tom qab ntawd nws feem ntau yog txias hauv huab cua. Yog li ntawd, lub xeev kub dov yog sib npaug rau normalizing kev kho mob.
Cov khoom siv hlau feem ntau yog dov siv txoj kev kub dov. Cov hlau xa tawm hauv lub xeev kub- dov muaj txheej txheej hlau oxide nplai ntawm nws qhov chaw vim qhov kub thiab txias, yog li muab qee qhov kev tiv thaiv corrosion thiab tso cai rau sab nraum zoov cia.
Txawm li cas los xij, txheej txheej ntawm cov hlau oxide no kuj ua rau saum npoo ntawm kub -rolled steel ntxhib thiab qhov ntev yuav hloov tau ntau heev. Yog li ntawd, steel xav tau ib tug du nto, meej qhov ntev, thiab zoo mechanical zog yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm txias dov siv kub -rolled semi- tiav los yog tiav cov khoom raws li raw khoom.
Qhov zoo:
Kev sib sau ceev ceev, siab tso zis, thiab tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau txheej txheej. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau ntau yam ntoo khaub lig- cov duab ntu kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov ntawv thov sib txawv; txias dov tuaj yeem ua rau cov yas deformation tseem ceeb hauv cov hlau, yog li ua kom cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov hlau.
Qhov tsis zoo:
1. Txawm hais tias tsis muaj cov yas kub compression thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov txheej txheem, residual stress tseem muaj nyob rau hauv tus ntoo khaub lig-section, uas inevitably cuam tshuam rau tag nrho thiab lub zos buckling yam ntxwv ntawm cov hlau;
2. Txias-khoov steel seem feem ntau yog qhib ntu, ua rau tsis muaj kev ywj pheej torsional rigidity ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig-section. Lawv yooj yim rau kev sib tw hauv kev khoov thiab yooj yim rau flexural-torsional buckling nyob rau hauv compression, ua rau tsis zoo torsional tsis kam;
3. Txias-rolled steel muaj cov phab ntsa me me, thiab tsis muaj thickening ntawm cov ces kaum uas cov hlau txuas nrog, uas ua rau tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv rau hauv cheeb tsam concentrated loads.
II. Txias Rolling
Txias dov yog hais txog ib txoj kev dov uas siv lub siab ntawm cov chais rau compress steel ntawm chav tsev kub, hloov cov duab ntawm cov hlau. Txawm hais tias cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm kuj ua rau lub phaj steel kom sov, nws tseem hu ua txias dov. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, txias dov siv kub- dov steel coils ua raw khoom. Tom qab pickling kom tshem tawm cov nplai, nws nkag mus rau kev ua haujlwm siab, ua rau cov khoom tiav hu ua txias -rolled coil.
Feem ntau, txias-rolled steel, xws li galvanized thiab xim-coated steel ntawv, yuav tsum tau annealing, yog li nws muaj zoo plasticity thiab elongation, thiab yog dav siv nyob rau hauv lub tsheb, khoom siv hauv tsev, thiab kho vajtse industries. Txias- cov ntawv dov muaj qee qhov kev sib tw ntawm qhov chaw du thiab hnov zoo heev rau qhov kov, feem ntau yog vim cov txheej txheem pickling. Kub- cov ntawv dov feem ntau tsis ua raws li qhov xav tau ntawm qhov chaw smoothness, yog li kub -rolled steel strips yuav tsum tau txias - dov. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub thinnest kub- dov steel sawb feem ntau yog 1.0mm tuab, thaum txias dov tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov tuab ntawm 0.1mm. Kub dov yog dov saum lub crystallization kub, thaum txias dov yog dov hauv qab qhov kub ntawm crystallization.
Txias dov hloov cov duab ntawm cov hlau los ntawm qhov txias txias deformation. Qhov txias ua hauj lwm hardening tshwm sim los ntawm cov txheej txheem no tsub kom lub zog thiab hardness ntawm txias - dov kauj, thaum txo nws cov toughness thiab ductility.
Rau qhov kawg -siv daim ntawv thov, txias dov ua rau cov khoom ua haujlwm zoo dua qub, ua rau cov khoom tsim nyog rau qhov chaw uas yooj yim deformation.
Qhov zoo:
Nws tuaj yeem rhuav tshem cov qauv ntawm cov hlau ingot, ua kom cov nplej loj ntawm cov hlau, thiab tshem tawm cov kab mob microstructural, yog li ua rau cov qauv steel denser thiab txhim kho nws cov khoom siv kho tshuab. Qhov kev txhim kho no feem ntau yog tshwm sim raws li cov kev taw qhia dov, kom cov hlau tsis muaj isotropic rau qee yam; npuas, tawg, thiab porosity tsim thaum lub sij hawm casting kuj yuav welded ua ke nyob rau hauv kub thiab siab.
Qhov tsis zoo:
1. Tom qab kub dov, cov khoom tsis yog -hlau suav nrog (tsuas yog sulfides thiab oxides, nrog rau silicates) hauv cov hlau yog nias rau hauv cov ntawv nyias, ua rau delamination. Delamination zoo heev deteriorates tensile zog ntawm cov hlau nyob rau hauv thickness kev taw qhia, thiab tej zaum yuav ua rau interlayer tearing thaum weld shrinkage. Cov kab mob hauv cheeb tsam cuam tshuam los ntawm weld shrinkage feem ntau nce mus txog ob peb zaug ntawm cov ntsiab lus tawm los, uas yog loj dua li cov kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev thauj khoom;
2. Kev ntxhov siab uas tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis sib xws. Kev ntxhov siab nyob hauv yog ib qho kev ntxhov siab hauv tus kheej - ntsuas kev ntxhov siab yam tsis muaj kev quab yuam sab nraud. Tag nrho cov kub -khoov steel ntu ntawm ntau yam ntoo khaub lig- ntu muaj qhov kev ntxhov siab nyob hauv qhov no. Feem ntau, qhov loj ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig-sectional loj ntawm cov hlau, qhov ntau dua qhov seem seem. Kev ntxhov siab seem, txawm tias tus kheej - ntsuas qhov ntsuas, tseem muaj qee yam cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hlau hauv qab sab nraud. Piv txwv li, nws tuaj yeem muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev deformation, ruaj khov, thiab qaug zog ua haujlwm.
III. Cov ntsiab lus:
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov txias dov thiab kub dov yog qhov kub ntawm cov txheej txheem dov. "Cold" yog hais txog chav tsev kub, thiab "kub" yog hais txog qhov kub thiab txias.
Los ntawm ib qho kev xav ntawm metallurgical, ciam teb ntawm txias dov thiab kub dov yuav tsum tau txawv los ntawm recrystallization kub. Ntawd yog, dov hauv qab qhov kub ntawm recrystallization yog txias dov, thiab dov saum toj no lub recrystallization kub yog kub dov. Lub recrystallization kub ntawm steel yog 450-600 degree.
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kub- dov thiab txias- dov steel yog:
1. Cov tsos thiab qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw:
Txij li cov ntawv txias- dov tau los ntawm cov ntawv kub- dov tom qab cov txheej txheem dov txias, thiab txias dov kuj muaj qee qhov kev ua tiav, txias- cov ntawv dov muaj qhov zoo ntawm qhov zoo (xws li nto roughness) dua li cov ntawv kub - dov. Yog li ntawd, yog tias muaj kev xav tau siab rau qhov zoo ntawm kev pleev xim tom qab thiab txheej txheej ntawm cov khoom, cov ntawv txias -rolled feem ntau yog xaiv. Kub- cov ntawv dov tau muab faib ntxiv rau hauv cov ntawv khaws cia thiab tsis khaws cia. Cov nplooj ntawv Pickled muaj cov xim hlau ib txwm vim yog pickling, tab sis txij li thaum lawv tsis txias - dov, lawv qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw tsis zoo li txias - cov ntawv dov. Cov nplooj ntawv uas tsis muaj pov thawj feem ntau muaj txheej txheej oxide rau ntawm qhov chaw, tshwm sim npub, lossis muaj txheej dub ntawm hlau oxide. Yooj yim muab, lawv zoo li lawv tau raug cua sov, thiab yog tias khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw tsis zoo, lawv feem ntau yuav muaj xeb.
2. Kev ua tau zoo: Feem ntau, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm kub- dov thiab txias - cov ntawv dov raug suav tias yog tib yam hauv kev siv engineering, txawm hais tias cov ntawv txias -rolled los ntawm qee qhov kev ua hauj lwm nyuaj thaum lub caij txias dov (txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis suav nrog cov xwm txheej uas yuav tsum tau nruj me ntsis ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tshuab muaj nyob, qhov twg lawv yuav tsum tau kho). Txias- cov ntawv dov feem ntau muaj qhov ua tau zoo dua me ntsis thiab qhov tawv tawv dua li cov ntawv kub - dov. Cov txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb yog nyob ntawm qhov℃ntawm annealing ntawm txias -rolled ntawv. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm li cas los xij, tsis hais txog txheej txheem annealing, lub zog ntawm cov ntawv txias{10}} dov yog siab dua li cov ntawv kub - dov.
3. Kev ua tau zoo: Txij li qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm txias- dov thiab kub- cov ntawv yob yog qhov zoo sib xws, cov khoom cuam tshuam ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog nyob ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov zoo. Vim tias qhov zoo ntawm qhov txias- cov ntawv yob zoo dua, feem ntau hais lus, rau cov ntawv hlau ntawm cov khoom qub, cov ntawv txias- dov muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo dua li cov ntawv kub - dov.
