Lub cheeb thiab ntev ntawm graphite nodules hauv cov hlau duc thiab lawv txoj kev sib raug zoo nrog qhov tau zoo ntawm cov hlau uas muaj ntau
1. Lub taub thiab ntev ntawm graphite nodules nyob rau hauv pawg hlau thiab cov qauv hauv tebchaws
Nyob rau hauv cov hlau pleev cov hlau, txoj kab uas hla ntawm graphite nodules feem ntau yog nruab nrab ntawm ob peb microns thiab kaum ntawm microns ntawm microns ntawm microns ntawm microns ntawm microns ntawm microns ntawm microns ntawm microns ntawm microns ntawm microns ntawm microns ntawm microns ntawm microns ntawm microns ntawm microns ntawm microns ntawm microns ntawm microns ntawm microns ntawm microns ntawm microns ntawm microns ntawm microns ntawm micrron. Piv txwv li, rau qee qhov sib xws ntawm cov hlau, qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov kab graphite nodules yuav nyob ib ncig ntawm 10-30 microns.
Raws li GB / T 9441-2009 "metallographic kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov hlau tsis sib faib ua 6 qib siab, nrog qib loj tshaj plaws, nrog qhov nruab nrab ntawm 25μm; Qeb 6 ua qhov tsawg tshaj plaws, nrog lub plawv nruab nrab tsawg dua 6.3μm. Cov xwm txheej sib txawv muaj cov sib txawv uas yuav tsum muaj rau qhov loj ntawm graphite nodules. Piv txwv li, hauv qee qhov chaw hauv tsheb nrog cov khoom siv heev, cov khaub ncaws me me yuav tsum tau ua kom loj thiab hnav tsis kam ntawm cov duab pov.
Feem ntau hais lus, thaum graphite nodules yog 3 {{{}}}}}}}}}}}}}} pa, cov hlau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo heev. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, cov pob graphite yog cov me me thiab tus mob hnyav, tabkaum qhov kev nthuav dav, thiab txhim kho lub zog, kev nruj thiab ductility ntawm cov khoom. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov pob me me ntsuab muaj qhov chaw ua haujlwm loj me me, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau lub ntsej muag kub me, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau lub cam khwb cia ntawm cov khib nyiab ntau dua, txhim kho cov hnav tsis kam.
Los ntawm cov kev pom ntawm daim duab ntsuas ntawm daim duab kuaj, raws li GB / T 9441-2009 "Mebraphic Kev Ntsuam Xyuas ntawm cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov hlau uas muaj cov xwm txheej feem ntau. Hauv qee qhov tshwj xeeb ductile cov hlau cov khoom lag luam, xws li qib hlau loj yog feem ntau lossis cov khoom siv sib luag yog ntau dua lossis sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv kom tau txais cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws, kev sib npaug thiab corrosion tsis kam.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov zoo tshaj plaws graphite pob loj loj ntawm cov hlau dav hlau yuav muaj cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam kev thov kev pab cuam, cov txheej txheem ntau lawm thiab cov khoom siv. Hauv kev tsim khoom tiag tiag, nws yuav tsum tau hloov kho thiab ua kom zoo raws li cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb.
2. Dab tsi yog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov loj ntawm graphite pob hauv cov hlau ntawm cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej?
Qhov loj ntawm cov pob graphite hauv cov hlau colas muaj ntau cov teebmeem tshwj xeeb ntawm nws cov kev ua tau zoo, uas yog feem ntau xav hauv cov hauv qab no:
Cov Khoom Siv Neeg Kho Tshuab
Lub zog: thaum cov pob graphite yog cov me me thiab tusyees faib, lawv tuaj yeem faib cov kev ntxhov siab ntau dua, thiab ua kom muaj zog ntawm cov hlau loj dua. Vim tias qhov chaw sib raug zoo ntawm cov khoom me me ntawm cov khoom noj thiab cov khoom siv kev ntxhov siab uas muaj peev xwm loj dua, thiab cov khoom muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv sab nraud cov rog yog txhim kho.
Tougness thiab duction: Cov khoom me me me me tuaj yeem ua rau matrix ntawm cam khwb cia hlau txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv. Thaum raug rau sab nraud rog, lub matrix tuaj yeem deform Ntau tusyees, yog li kev txhim kho cov tawv thiab ductility ntawm cov khoom. Loj -}} cov pob graphite yog qhov sib npaug ntawm cov khoom muaj kev ntxhov siab thaum raug ua kom muaj zog, ua rau muaj kev sib zog ua rau cov khoom siv thiab kev sib cais.
Hnav Tsis kam
Thaum cov pob graphite yog cov me me thiab tusyees faib, lub saum npoo tawv ntawm cov hlau pov cov hlau yog ntau yam tsis zoo. Thaum lub sij hawm kev sib txhuam, nws tsis yooj yim kom muaj kev hnav khaub ncaws ntau, thiab cov hnav tsis kam zoo dua. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov khoom me me yooj yim muaj cov nyhuv me me rau ntawm matrix, thiab cov matrix tuaj yeem txhawb nqa lub nra thiab tawm tsam. Hnav grooves tau yooj yim tsim nyob ib ncig ntawm cov khoom loj graphite, uas nrawm dua cov hnav ntawm cov khoom.
Corrosion Kuj
Cov khoom pob pob me me pab pab kom tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab oxide thiab txhim kho lub corrosion tsis kam ntawm cov hlau corrosion. Vim tias cov pob me me me me yog cov muab faib uayees, lub microstructure, microstructure ntawm cam khwb cia hlau yog cov khaub ncaws loj dua. Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig corrosive, nws tsis yooj yim los ua corrosion hlwb hauv zos, yog li maj mam nqes tus nqi corrosion. Cov pob pob loj loj tuaj yeem ua rau tsis sib xws ntawm cov micrigntructure ntawm cam khwb cia hlau, thiab macrix yooj yim los ua qhov pib ntawm corrosion, txo corrosion, txo cov corrosion.
Kev ua tau zoo
Graphite pob yog me me, thiab thaum lub sijhawm ua, qhov kev coj ua me me, thiab lub cuab yeej zoo heev, uas yog qhov zoo rau kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm thiab txo tus nqi. Cov pob loj loj tuaj yeem nce cov roughness ntawm kev ua cov npoo av, thiab ua rau muaj kev tsis xws luag, cuam tshuam qhov raug thiab ua tau zoo.
3. Tus loj ntawm qhov loj ntawm graphite pob ntawm cov hlau uas muaj hlau ntawm cov coj ntawm cov cuab yeej ua kom muaj raws li hauv qab no:
Cov pob me me me me: cov pob graphite me me thiab cov hluav taws xob me me tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlau cam khwb cia thiab muaj kev sib txuas lus zoo. Thaum lub sij hawm kev sib txhuam, nws tuaj yeem pab txhawb lub nra, thiab nws tsis yooj yim kom muaj kev ntxhov siab hauv cheeb tsam thiab hnav tsis txaus siab yog qhov zoo. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov khoom me me me me muaj kev sib cais me me rau ntawm kev tsim cov kev tsim ntawm kev zuaj, yog li kev txhim kho cov coj tsis kam ntawm cov khoom siv.
Cov khoom pob loj loj: loj {{{{- cov khoom me me "hauv cov khoom siv thaum muaj kev ntxhov siab thaum raug yuam kom muaj zog. Thaum lub sij hawm kev sib txhuam, hnav grooves tau yooj yim tsim nyob ib ncig ntawm cov pob graphite loj, uas ua kom nrawm dua cov khoom hnav. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom loj graphite loj yuav ua rau microstructure ntawm cam khwb cia hlau Uneven, uas ua rau muaj ntau sib txawv hauv lub hardness thiab txo tag nrho cov coj khaub ncaws tiv thaiv.
4. Dab tsi cuam tshuam rau qhov loj ntawm graphite pob hauv cov hlau cab?
Tshuaj Muaj Tshuaj
Cov pa roj carbon thiab silicon cov ntsiab lus: carbon yog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv kev tsim ntawm graphite. Nrog cov pa roj carbon ntau, cov xov tooj ntawm graphite pob nce thiab qhov loj me yuav ua me. Silicon tuaj yeem txhawb cov duab teeb meem, thiab ib qho tsim nyog ntawm silicon tuaj yeem ua rau cov teeb tsa duab me me thiab hnav khaub ncaws. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov ntsiab lus silicon dhau lawm, nws yuav txo cov kua ntawm cov hlau molten thiab cuam tshuam rau cov kheej.
Spheroidizer thiab inoculant: spheroidizer tuaj yeem ua graphiterystallize rau hauv spheres, thiab tus nqi tsim nyog tuaj yeem paub meej li cov kev sib tw thiab qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom tawg. Inoculant tuaj yeem nce cov tub ntxhais kawm nce, nce tus naj npawb ntawm graphite spheres thiab txo lawv qhov loj me.
Melting txheej txheem
Cov kua kub ua kua kub: Yog tias cov kua hlau ua kom sov dhau lawm, cov kheej graphite yuav loj tuaj thiab ua rau muaj kev poob qis. Yog tias qhov ntsuas kub tsawg dhau, cov kua ntawm cov kua hlau tsis zoo, uas tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev sib txawv ntawm graphite spheres.
Melting sijhawm: Kom txuas tau lub sijhawm melting tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlau ua kua muaj zog ntau dua, uas yog qhov zoo rau kev sib txawv ntawm graphite spheres. Txawm li cas los xij, lub sijhawm ntev melting ntev yuav ua rau cov hlau ua kua rau oxidize, cuam tshuam rau kev tsim thiab kev loj hlob ntawm graphite spheres.
Casting txheej txheem
Ncuav ntsuas kub: yog hais tias qhov ntsuas kub ua kom sov dhau, cov kab ke graphite yuav muaj ntau lub sijhawm kom loj hlob thaum lub sijhawm ua tiav, ua rau loj dua. Yog hais tias lub ncuav txias yog tsawg heev, qhov puv muaj peev xwm ntawm cov hlau tsis zoo, uas yuav ua rau tsis haum, cuam tshuam rau kev faib khoom thiab loj me ntawm graphite pob.
Ncuav ceev: Yog tias lub pouring ceev nrawm heev, ntws ntawm cov pob zeb molten los ntxuav thiab sib tsoo, cuam tshuam rau lawv txoj kev loj hlob thiab faib tawm. Yog hais tias lub pouring ceev qeeb dhau lawm, cov hlau molten ua kom txias ntev hauv tus neeg khiav, uas yuav ua rau cov pob graphite ua ntej, ua rau tsis muaj pob txha pob hauv ntej.
Cua Txias Ceev
Ceev Txias Ceev thiab Loj Loj Loj yuav nce qhov nucleation ntawm cov pob graphite, nce tus naj npawb ntawm graphite pob thiab txo lawv qhov loj me. Yog tias qhov nrawm nrawm yog qeeb, cov pob graphite muaj ntau lub sijhawm kom loj hlob thiab lawv qhov loj me yuav nce ntxiv. Hauv kev tsim khoom tiag tiag, qhov cua txias txias tuaj yeem hloov kho los ntawm kev tswj cov khoom xws li casting cov ntaub ntawv thiab phab ntsa thickness.
