Muaj ntau hom kab nrib pleb: raw khoom tawg, kev kho cua sov tawg, forging tawg thiab lwm yam, uas ua rau tib neeg kiv taub hau. Yuav ua li cas txheeb xyuas lawv yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev cov chav kawm, yog li nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus nrhiav tau raws nraim qhov twg lub crack tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem, yog conducive rau kev soj ntsuam ntawm qhov ua rau tawg.
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txiav txim siab lub tswv yim ntawm "raws li cov khoom tawg" thiab "forging crack", thiab cov kab nrib pleb uas tshwm sim tom qab forging yuav tsum suav tias yog "forging crack". Txawm li cas los xij, lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ua rau forging tawg tuaj yeem muab faib ua:
1. Forging cov kab nrib pleb tshwm sim los ntawm cov khoom siv raw;
2. Forging cov kab nrib pleb tshwm sim los ntawm cov txheej txheem forging tsis raug.
Feem ntau, txoj kev sib tsoo tsis muaj dab tsi ua nrog cov khoom siv hauv paus, thaum lub sijhawm ntev ntawm qhov tawg yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam ua ke nrog kev sib tsoo morphology thiab txheej txheem forging.
Muaj decarbonization ntawm ob sab ntawm qhov tawg, uas yuav tsum tau tsim nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem forging. Raws li seb nws yog tshwm sim los ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv los yog forging technology, nws yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam raws li cov metallography thiab technological txheej txheem.
Rau tib batch ntawm tib hom workpiece, forging tawg yog ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv tib txoj hauj lwm, lub extension yog kuj ntiav nyob rau hauv lub tshuab raj, thiab muaj decarbonization ntawm ob sab. Thiab cov khoom tawg tsis tas yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tib txoj hauj lwm ntau zaus, nyob rau hauv lub microscope qhov tob yog txawv. Nyeem ntxiv kev txheeb xyuas, muaj qee txoj cai.
Cov kab nrib pleb yog feem ntau ua raws li cov kev taw qhia longitudinal ntawm cov khoom. Muaj ob hom forging tawg, ib qho yog tshwm sim los ntawm overheating thiab over-burning, thiab muaj oxidative decarbonization nyob ze ntawm qhov tawg. Kuj tseem muaj cov hlau txias kuj tseem yuav ua rau tawg, qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm lattice no tshwm sim. Nws tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm metallography.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm forging:
1. Tsim cov kev cai;
2, txhim kho lub koom haum sab hauv ntawm cov khoom siv, ua kom zoo dua cov nplej, cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke thiab lub koom haum;
3. Ua kom cov khoom sib zog (shrinkage los yog xoob ntawm cov huab cua tsis zoo nyob rau hauv cov khoom forged, thiab lwm yam), thiab cov streamline faib yog tsim nyog;
4. Ua haujlwm rau cov txheej txheem tom ntej los ntawm kev kho cua sov tom qab forging tsim nyog.
Yog li ntawd, qee qhov tsis xws luag hauv forging thiab forging raw cov ntaub ntawv yog lub luag haujlwm. Loj castings thiab forgings yog feem ntau ncaj qha pib los ntawm ingot forging, thiab yuav tsum muaj ntau yam smelting defects nyob rau hauv lub ingot. Obviously, tsim nyog forging yuav ua tau los ntawm forging lub thiaj li hu ua "defects". Yog li ntawd, qhov laj thawj ntawm cov txheej txheem forging yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb los txiav txim siab seb lub forging puas yuav tawg.
Tau kawg, txheeb ze rau qee yam kev ruaj khov forging, yog tias muaj kev tswj xyuas meej meej ntawm cov khoom siv raw khoom tsis raug muab tso rau pem hauv ntej rau cov khoom siv raw ua ntej forging, thaum qhov tshwm sim tawg tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem forging raws li tus txheej txheem forging qub vim cov khoom siv raw khoom tsis raug. qib siab tshaj qhov yuav tsum tau, peb tuaj yeem xav tias nws yog "forging tawg los ntawm raw khoom tsis xws luag".
Crack teeb meem tshwj xeeb cov teeb meem kev tsom xam, ua ke nrog cov txheej txheem kev soj ntsuam, nrog rau cov txheej txheem cua sov tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv huab cua yuav tsum xav txog, forging yuav tsum yog cov khoom siv raw tawg forging ze rau sab xis. Cov tawv nqaij oxide feem ntau yog tuab thiab grey, thiab cov khoom qias neeg tshwm sim los ntawm cov qauv kev npaj yog xoob heev thiab xim dub. Ntawm lub zog siab, koj tuaj yeem pom tias nws tsis tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm lub zog ncaj qha.
