Properties thiab Classification ntawm Cast Aluminium Alloy

Cam khwb cia txhuas alloy yog ib hom ntawm txhuas matrix, los ntawm kev ntxiv lwm yam alloying ntsiab ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, muaj ib tug series ntawm zoo heev zog thiab ntau yam kev siv.

Cov khoom ntawm cam khwb cia aluminium alloy feem ntau suav nrog:

Tsawg ceev thiab siab zog. Qhov ntom ntawm cam khwb cia aluminium alloy feem ntau yog nruab nrab ntawm 2.63 thiab 2.85g / cm³, nrog lub zog siab thiab lub zog tshwj xeeb, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom thiab cov khoom thiab txhim kho kev siv.

Kev ua haujlwm zoo casting. Cam khwb cia aluminium alloy muaj qhov zoo fluidity thiab shrinkage, tuaj yeem ua rau hauv cov duab zoo, tsis xav tau cov khoom siv loj loj, nrog rau cov hlau txuag, txo cov nqi, txo cov sijhawm ua haujlwm thiab lwm yam zoo.

Zoo corrosion kuj. Cam khwb cia txhuas alloy hauv huab cua, dej, kua qaub, alkali thiab lwm qhov chaw muaj peev xwm tswj tau qhov ci ntsa iab thiab ua tiav ntawm qhov chaw, nrog zoo corrosion kuj.

Zoo kub tsis kam. Piv nrog cam khwb cia hlau alloys, cam khwb cia txhuas alloys muaj ib tug ntau dua melting point thiab thermal stability, uas muaj peev xwm tswj tau zoo heev nyob rau hauv kub kub ib puag ncig.

Zoo hluav taws xob thiab thermal conductivity. Aluminium alloy muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo thiab thermal conductivity, haum rau cov khoom uas xav tau thermal conductivity zoo, xws li lub tog raj kheej taub hau thiab pistons ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob sab hauv.

Kev ua tau zoo. Aluminium alloy yog ib qho yooj yim rau txheej txheem thiab muaj zoo heev plasticity thiab machinability.

Classification ntawm cam khwb cia aluminium alloys

Niaj hnub nimno cam khwb cia txhuas alloy tuaj yeem muab faib ua 4 series raws li cov ntsiab lus ntxiv, uas yog: aluminium-silicon series, aluminium-tooj ​​liab series, aluminium-magnesium series thiab aluminium-zinc series. Rau cov 4 series no, txhua lub teb chaws muaj cov khoom sib txuam thiab cov qib alloy. Tuam Tshoj siv ZL+3 tus lej cim, thawj tus lej qhia cov txheej txheem alloy, qhov twg: 1 qhia txog aluminium-silicon alloy system, 2 qhia txog aluminium-copper alloy system, 3 qhia txog aluminium-magnesium alloy system, 4 qhia txog aluminium-zinc alloy system, tus lej thib ob thiab peb tus lej qhia tus lej lej lej. Piv txwv li, ZL101, ZL201, ZL301, ZL401

Aluminium-silicon alloy

Feem ntau cov ntsiab lus silicon yog 4% mus rau 13%, tseem hu ua "silicon aluminium Ming" alloy. Qhov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, qhov kev sib tw yog me me, qhov qis qis, muaj qhov zoo corrosion kuj thiab huab cua nruj thiab txaus cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv vuam. Txawm hais tias daim ntawv thov ntawm no series ntawm alloy nyob rau hauv kev lag luam yog tom qab tshaj li ntawm txhuas-tooj ​​liab alloy, nws tau pom nyob rau hauv 1920 tias tom qab metamorphic kev kho mob, cov qauv thiab cov khoom ntawm no series ntawm alloy tau txhim kho, thiab lub Kev siv tau nthuav dav, suav txog yuav luag 50% ntawm cov cam khwb cia aluminium alloy hauv tus nqi. Al-si alloy tuaj yeem muab faib ua hom eutectic, hom hypoeutectic, hom hypereutectic thiab complex eutectic alloy nrog ntxiv ntawm tooj liab, magnesium thiab manganese. ZL102 alloy yog ib tug raug binary eutectic alloy nrog eutectic kub ntawm 577 degree thiab eutectic muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm 12.6% Si. Ntawm eutectic kub, 1.6% Si yog yaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom tov, thiab li 0.05% Si yog yaj nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub. Cov theem yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem ntawm txhuas yaj hauv silicon, thiab nws cov solubility tsawg heev, yog li cov qauv eutectic yog tsim los ntawm + Si ob theem. Ntxiv rau thiab silicon, muaj θ (CuAl2), W (AlxMg5Si4) thiab lwm theem hauv cov qauv ntawm cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke (saib theem ntawm aluminium alloys). Aluminium-silicon alloys uas muaj tooj liab tuaj yeem ntxiv dag zog los ntawm kev kho cua sov, tab sis qhov kev tiv thaiv corrosion tsis zoo. Cov duab ntawm silicon theem nyob rau hauv lub alloy muaj ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm lub zog thiab plasticity. Los ntawm kev hloov kho kev kho mob (ntxiv sodium los yog antimony nyob rau hauv lub yaj), silicon theem yog spheroidized, thiab cov microstructure thiab cov khoom ntawm cov hlau yog txhim kho. Coarse thawj silicon nyob rau hauv hypereutectic alloys yog teeb meem rau txhua yam khoom thiab machinability. Phosphorus feem ntau tau ntxiv rau daim ntawv AlP los ua kom cov thawj silicon thiab txo nws cov teebmeem.

Aluminium-tooj ​​liab alloy

Nws yog qhov ntxov tshaj plaws kev lag luam cam khwb cia aluminium alloy. Cov alloys muaj lub zog siab thiab thermal stability, tab sis tsis zoo castability thiab corrosion kuj. Cov ntsiab lus tooj liab feem ntau qis dua qhov kev txwv ntawm cov tooj liab hauv txhuas (5.85%), tsis muaj eutectic nyob rau hauv cov qauv sib npaug, thiab ib qho me me ntawm eutectic yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tsis sib npaug. Tom qab kev daws teeb meem, cov tshuaj tov khoom tuaj yeem ua tau supersaturated thiab cov nyhuv ntawm kev laus tuaj yeem tau txais. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm manganese thiab titanium rau cov hlau tuaj yeem kho cov nplej, ntxiv dag zog thiab txhim kho corrosion kuj.

Aluminium-magnesium alloy

Cov alloy muaj lub zog siab, zoo tshaj plaws corrosion kuj, tsis tshua muaj ntom thiab zoo huab cua nruj. Aluminium magnesium binary casting alloy, cov ntsiab lus magnesium yog siab li 11.5%, thiab cov ntsiab lus magnesium nyob rau hauv ntau cov khoom alloy feem ntau yog li 5%. Lub microstructure ntawm cov hlau yog + (Mg5Al8) theem, thiab lub zog ntawm kev kho cua sov yog tsis pom tseeb, feem ntau yog rau cov khoom siv ntxiv zog. Thaum (Mg5Al8) theem precipitates nyob rau hauv ib tug network nyob rau hauv lub grain ciam teb, lub corrosion kuj thiab mechanical zog deteriorate. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov nag lossis daus ntawm (Mg5Al8) theem raws li cov ciam teb, nws feem ntau yog siv rau hauv lub xeev daws teeb meem. Ntxiv silicon thiab manganese rau cov hlau tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov fluidity ntawm cov hlau.

Aluminium-zinc alloy

Cov alloy muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm quenching microstructure nyob rau hauv lub xeev casting, thiab lub zog siab tuaj yeem tau txais yam tsis muaj kev kho cua sov, tab sis qhov ntom ntawm cov hlau yog loj, thiab nws tsis haum rau kev tsim cov khoom siv dav hlau. Cov txheej txheem hlau yog ua los ntawm zinc raws li silica-alumin alloy, yog li nws tseem hu ua "zinc-silica-alumin" alloy.

Tuam Tshoj Welong, peb muab cov xuab zeb Castings, Lub ntiajteb txawj nqus Castings thiab tuag castings tawm ntawm Aluminium Alloy raws li cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws khoom thiab ntau npaum li cas.

Yog xav paub ntxiv thov hu rau Tracy ntawm sxwelong@welongpost.com.