Raws li cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov tseem ceeb, cov khoom siv tshuaj kho mob muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm thiab kev koom tes ntawm 304 stainless hlau. Kab lus no yuav tham txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kho qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov khoom ntawm 304 stainless hlau, suav nrog kev tiv thaiv corrosion, cov khoom siv kho tshuab, cov khoom ua haujlwm thiab cov cua sov.
1. Basic muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov khoom ntawm 304 stainless hlau
304 stainless hlau yog dav siv austenitic stainless hlau nrog zoo corrosion kuj thiab kev ua tau zoo. Nws cov khoom tseem ceeb muaj xws li carbon (C), silicon (Si), manganese (Mn), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), chromium (Cr) thiab nickel (Ni). Ntawm lawv, cov ntsiab lus chromium (Cr) nyob nruab nrab ntawm 18.00%-20.00%, thiab cov ntsiab lus npib tsib xee (Ni) nyob nruab nrab ntawm 8.00%{ {7}} 00%. Cov alloying ntsiab lus muab 304 stainless hlau zoo heev corrosion kuj thiab toughness.
2. Cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev kho cov kuab tshuaj
Kev kho cov kua dej yog cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov uas cov hlau yog rhuab mus rau qhov kub thiab txias ib-theem cheeb tsam, khaws cia ntawm qhov kub thiab txias rau lub sijhawm, thiab tom qab ntawd txias sai kom tau txais cov tshuaj supersaturated. Rau 304 stainless hlau, kev kho kev daws teeb meem feem ntau ua kom sov cov khoom mus rau nruab nrab ntawm 1010 degree thiab 1150 degree, tuav nws rau qee lub sijhawm (feem ntau 30 feeb txog 4 teev), thiab tom qab ntawd txias txias rau chav sov. Cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem yaj tag nrho cov carbides hauv austenite, tshem tawm cov haujlwm txias thiab kev ntxhov siab sab hauv, yog li txhim kho cov khoom siv.
3. Cov nyhuv ntawm kev kho qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov khoom ntawm 304 stainless hlau
(1). Corrosion kuj
Kev kho qhov kub thiab txias muaj qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm 304 stainless hlau. Ntawm qhov kev daws teeb meem uas tsim nyog, carbides tuaj yeem yaj tag nrho hauv austenite, txo qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm carbide nag lossis daus, yog li txo qhov cuam tshuam rau intergranular corrosion. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov khoom siv kho mob kuj tseem tuaj yeem faib cov ntsiab lus sib npaug sib npaug, tshem tawm cov khoom siv lead ua tsis xws luag, thiab txhim kho tag nrho cov corrosion kuj ntawm cov khoom. Cov kev sim qhia tau hais tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws corrosion kuj tuaj yeem tau los ntawm cua sov 304 stainless hlau mus rau 1050 ~ 1150 degree, ua kom sov, thiab tom qab ntawd txias nws sai.
(2). Mechanical zog
Kev kho qhov kub thiab txias kuj tseem muaj feem cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm 304 stainless hlau. Thaum lub sij hawm cov txheej txheem kho cov khoom, raws li qhov kub thiab txias, atomic kev ua intensifies, lub σ theem dissolves, thiab cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg yuav zoo ib yam. Tom qab cua txias sai, cov qauv ib-theem ib leeg tuaj yeem tau txais, txhim kho lub zog thiab toughness ntawm cov khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev kho kev daws teeb meem kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv thiab cov qoob loo ciam teb corrosion rhiab heev hauv cov khoom siv thiab ua kom zoo rau cov khoom siv kho tshuab. Cov txiaj ntsig kev sim qhia tau hais tias lub zog tensile ntawm 304 stainless hlau tom qab kev daws teeb meem txo qis, tab sis qhov elongation nce thiab tag nrho cov khoom siv kho tshuab tau zoo tuaj.
(3). Kev ua tau zoo
304 stainless hlau tuaj yeem tsim ua haujlwm hardening thiab siv lead ua tsis xws luag thaum ua haujlwm txias, ua rau cov khoom tawg yooj yim thaum ua haujlwm tom ntej. Kev kho cov kua nplaum tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov teeb meem tsis zoo no thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv. Nyob rau hauv qhov tsim nyog kho qhov kub thiab txias, qhov distorted siv lead ua lattice yog rov qab, cov elongated thiab tawg nplej yog recrystallized, thiab cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv raug tshem tawm, ua rau cov khoom tsis tshua muaj kev tawg thaum ua haujlwm txias. Yog li ntawd, kev kho kev daws teeb meem yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm 304 stainless hlau.
(4). Thaum tshav kub kub kuj
Kev kho mob kuj tuaj yeem txhim kho cov cua sov ntawm 304 stainless hlau. Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig kub, 304 stainless hlau tom qab kev kho mob qhia tau hais tias zoo dua stability thiab oxidation kuj. Qhov no yog vim hais tias cov tshuaj kho tau tag nrho dissolves carbides nyob rau hauv austenite, txo cov nag lossis daus thiab aggregation ntawm carbides ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, yog li txhim kho cov tshav kub tsis kam ntawm cov khoom.
4. Kev xaiv thiab tswj cov khoom siv tshuaj kho qhov kub thiab txias
Kev xaiv thiab tswj cov kev kho qhov kub thiab txias yog qhov tseem ceeb kom tau txais kev kho kom zoo. Kev kub siab dhau lawm yuav ua rau qhov qis melting point eutectic thiab grain ciam theem rau yaj, ua rau overburning thiab txo cov toughness thiab corrosion kuj ntawm cov khoom. Yog tias qhov kub thiab txias qis dhau lawm, cov tshuaj tov khoom yuav tsis txaus, thiab cov carbides tsis tuaj yeem ua rau tag nrho yaj hauv austenite, cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom. Yog li ntawd, qhov kev xaiv ntawm kev kho qhov kub thiab txias yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab raws li qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg, thickness thiab qhov loj ntawm cov khoom, nrog rau cov kev thov tshwj xeeb.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub sij hawm tuav thiab qhov txias txias kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau cov nyhuv ntawm cov khoom siv kho mob. Qhov ntev ntawm lub sijhawm txuag hluav taws xob nyob ntawm qhov tuab thiab qhov loj ntawm cov khoom. luv luv lub sij hawm khaws cia kub yuav ua rau cov khoom tsis txaus; Thaum lub sij hawm ntev heev lub sij hawm khaws cia kub yuav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm oxidation thiab corrosion ntawm cov khoom. Tus nqi cua txias yuav tsum tau ceev txaus los tiv thaiv cov nag lossis daus ntawm theem ob thaum lub caij txias thiab ua kom lub siab tshaj plaws supersaturation ntawm solute atoms thiab qhov chaw ua haujlwm.
5. Cov lus xaus
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, qhov kev daws teeb meem kub muaj qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm 304 stainless hlau. Los ntawm kev xaiv tsim nyog ntawm kev kho qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov txheej txheem, qhov kev tiv thaiv corrosion, cov khoom siv kho tshuab, kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm kub ntawm 304 stainless hlau tuaj yeem txhim kho tau zoo. Yog li ntawd, hauv kev siv tswv yim, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tsim cov txheej txheem kho kom haum raws li cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws.
