1. Casting qauv tsim
Cov teeb meem ntawm cov qauv xws li loj heev qhov sib txawv ntawm phab ntsa thickness, kev hloov ntawm phab ntsa thickness tsis zoo, thiab kev hloov me me ntawm casting fillet yog qhov ua rau tawg. Yog li ntawd, casting tsim yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo ua ke nrog cov txheej txheem casting kom tsis txhob tsim tsis tsim nyog casting ntau li ntau tau. Piv txwv li, ntu "+" tuaj yeem hloov mus rau ntu "T" kom txo qis kev ntxhov siab.
2. Casting txheej txheem optimization
Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem casting, yield ntawm pwm yog qhov tseem ceeb. Tsis tsim nyog xuab zeb lub thawv tsim, xws li lub thawv ribs hindering shrinkage, tuaj yeem ua rau tawg. Yog li ntawd, lub thawv ribs yuav tsum nyob ntawm ib qho kev ncua deb ntawm lub casting thiab riser.
Kev tsim tsis zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem pouring, ntau yam ingates qhia nyob rau hauv ib tug dispersed yam feem ntau tawg ntawm qhov kev twb kev txuas nrog lub ingate vim hindering lub shrinkage ntawm lub casting. Riser yuav tsum tau teem rau shrinkage them, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm ingate ntawm lub casting, uas yog lub xeem mus solidify vim lub siab nyob rau hauv lub zos kub, thiab nws yog nquag mus rau tawg vim tsis txaus shrinkage them.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev teeb tsa riser tsis yog siv cov ris tsho sab saum toj zoo tib yam, vim tias cov kab nrib pleb tau yooj yim tshwm sim thaum lub riser raug txiav nrog nplaim hluav taws acetylene. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv sab risers thiab yooj yim-rau-txiav risers, thiab cov risers feem ntau yog khob nrog rauj.
3. Kev tswj cov khoom muaj pes tsawg leeg
Hauv cov hlau manganese siab, carbon thiab phosphorus muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj tshaj plaws rau kev tsim cov kab nrib pleb. Qhov siab dua cov ntsiab lus carbon, qhov yooj yim dua nws yog rau cov casting kom tawg. Yog li ntawd, cov ntsiab lus carbon thiab phosphorus nyob rau hauv cov hlau molten yuav tsum nruj me ntsis tswj. Ib qho me me ntawm sulfide tseem nyob hauv cov hlau uas tsis yog xim hlau suav nrog, uas tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlau, yog li nws tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej. Thaum cov ntsiab lus phosphorus siab tshaj 0.06%, qhov ductility poob qis, uas tuaj yeem ua rau kub tawg hauv qhov casting. Yog li ntawd, cov ntsiab lus phosphorus yuav tsum nruj me ntsis tswj thaum lub sij hawm tsim khoom. Carbon thiab manganese yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau manganese siab. Nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj xwm txheej, metallographic qauv ntawm siab manganese hlau yog ib theem ntawm austenite. Martensite yooj yim tsim thaum cov ntsiab lus carbon tsawg. Thaum cov ntsiab lus carbon siab, cov nag lossis daus carbide tsis tuaj yeem zam hauv cov dej toughening lub xeev, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlau kuj yuav raug txo. Cov ntsiab lus carbon ntau dua yuav ua rau cov ntsiab lus tawm los, tab sis yuav txo cov ductility. Yog li ntawd, cov ntsiab lus carbon ntawm cov hlau manganese siab yuav tsum tau tswj kom ntau li ntau tau nyob rau hauv nruab nrab thiab qis qis thaum ua kom muaj kev ua tau zoo.
Txo refining ntawm molten steel kuj tseem ceeb heev. Thaum lub sij hawm smelting txheej txheem ntawm siab manganese hlau, cov sum ntawm FeO + MnO nyob rau hauv lub slag yuav tsum nruj me ntsis tswj kom tsis pub tshaj 1.2% los tiv thaiv qhov nce ntawm FeO + MnO nyob rau hauv lub molten hlau, nag lossis daus nyob rau hauv lub grain ciam teb tom qab solidification, thiab ua kom cov hlau nkig.
4. Pouring thiab unpacking kub tswj
Kev tswj qhov kub ntawm qhov pouring yog ib qho kev ntsuas zoo los tiv thaiv cov kab nrib pleb. Raws li qhov kub thiab txias nce, qhov shrinkage kev nyuaj siab ntawm casting nce, cov nplej ua ntxhib, thiab cov pob zeb columnar ua hnyav, uas ua rau lub zog ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj zog.
High manganese steel castings yuav tsum tsis txhob muab lub thawv thaum kub kub kom tsis txhob muaj kab nrib pleb tshwm sim los ntawm qhov txias txias ntawm cov castings raug huab cua. Lawv yuav tsum tau txias maj mam nyob rau hauv lub pwm, thiab rau complex castings, lawv yuav tsum tau boxed tsuas yog thaum kub poob mus txog 200 degree.
5. Kho welding Kho vuam tuaj yeem tshem tawm qhov tsis xws luag hauv cov khoom siv casting.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov kab nrib pleb hauv kev kho vuam theem kuj yog qhov siab. Txhawm rau kom cov khoom lag luam zoo, cov teeb meem hauv qab no yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau lub sijhawm kho vuam: (1) Tsis tas yuav tsum muaj preheating ua ntej kho vuam. Reheating ntawm qhov kub qis tuaj yeem ua rau carbides los nag raws li cov ciam teb thiab cov dav hlau siv lead ua, ua rau embrittlement rov tshwm sim thiab ua rau cov kab nrib pleb yuav tshwm sim. (2) Thaum tshem tawm qhov tsis xws luag, sim tsis txhob siv carbon arc gouging thiab nplaim taws txiav. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv cua shovels thiab sib tsoo log. (3) Nws tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm kev vuam ntawm manganese steel qhov chaw uas tsis tau kho nrog dej toughening. (4) Qhov chaw yuav tsum tau kho yuav tsum du, tsis muaj roj thiab xeb, thiab cov grooves tsim nyog yuav tsum tau kho raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ntawm txoj kev kho vuam. (5) Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kho vuam pas nrig yuav tsum zoo ib yam li cov khoom siv niam txiv. Stainless hlau vuam pas nrig kuj tseem siv tau. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis hais qhov twg vuam pas nrig yog siv, cov ntsiab lus carbon yuav tsum tsawg, yog li cov nag lossis daus tuaj yeem txo qis thaum kho vuam. 2. Kev kho cua sov txheej txheem ntawm siab manganese hlau
1. Kev kho dej toughening Kev kho dej toughening yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo los tshem tawm cov carbide hauv cov muaju thiab ntawm cov ciam teb hauv cov txheej txheem cam khwb cia ntawm cov hlau manganese siab, tau txais ib theem austenite qauv, thiab yog li txhim kho lub zog thiab toughness ntawm siab manganese. hlau. Qhov kev kho no yuav tsum tau cua sov cov hlau kom siab tshaj 1040 degree thiab ua kom sov rau lub sijhawm tsim nyog kom nws cov carbides tau yaj tag rau hauv ib-theem austenite, thiab tom qab ntawd maj mam txias kom tau txais cov qauv tshuaj austenite.
Cov dej toughening kub nyob ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov hlau manganese siab, feem ntau 1050 ~ 1100 degree. Txawm li cas los xij, cov dej kub hnyav dhau lawm yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov casting, thiab txhawb kev loj hlob sai ntawm cov nplej siab manganese steel, cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlau manganese siab.
High manganese steel castings muaj kev ntxhov siab loj thiab nquag tawg thaum cua sov, yog li cov cua sov yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab raws li phab ntsa thickness thiab cov duab ntawm cov casting. Feem ntau, nyias-walled yooj yim castings tuaj yeem ua kom sov ntawm tus nqi nrawm dua; tuab-walled castings yuav tsum tau rhuab maj mam. Txhawm rau txo qhov deformation lossis tawg ntawm castings thaum cua sov, cov khoom siv feem ntau siv cov txheej txheem ua ntej cua sov ntawm li 650 degree los txo qhov kub ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm sab hauv thiab sab nraud ntawm tuab-walled castings, thiab qhov kub ntawm lub cub tawg yog uniform. , thiab tom qab ntawd sai sai rau cov dej toughening kub.
2. Quenching Quenching tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlau manganese siab tau txais cov khoom zoo heev xws li cov tawv tawv, siab zog, thiab siab tawv. Thaum lub sij hawm quenching, yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau kev tswj cov cua kub kom tsis txhob overheating thiab grain coarsening. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus nqi cua txias kuj tseem yuav tsum tau tswj kom tsis txhob ua kom txias sai heev thiab cov qauv metallographic tsis ruaj khov. 3. Tempering Tempering yog rau cov brittleness tsim tom qab quenching. Lub tempering kub yog feem ntau tswj ntawm 400-600 degree , uas tuaj yeem txhim kho lub toughness thiab plasticity ntawm cov khoom, yog li txo cov hardness thiab lub zog ntawm cov khoom. 4. Normalizing Normalizing yog ib txoj kev kho cua sov uas tuaj yeem ua kom lub zog thiab lub zog ntawm cov hlau manganese siab, thiab tseem ua rau cov hlau manganese siab tau zoo weldability thiab machinability, tab sis piv nrog quenching, nws hnav tsis kam thiab cuam tshuam tsis kam yog me ntsis. phem dua. 3. Kev xaiv cov kev kho cua sov rau cov hlau manganese siab Raws li cov txheej txheem sib txawv thiab kev siv cov xwm txheej, peb tuaj yeem xaiv txoj kev kho cua sov sib txawv. Piv txwv li, rau qhov chaw uas muaj siab hardness thiab siab zog yuav tsum tau, quenching + tempering yuav xaiv tau; yog tias nws xav tau los ua cov khoom pwm, normalizing ntxiv quenching tuaj yeem txiav txim siab; thiab rau qhov chaw uas xav tau kev tiv thaiv thiab hnav tsis kam, quenching tuaj yeem siv tau; Yog xav tau qhov sib npaug hardness thiab toughness, tempering tuaj yeem xaiv. Xaus Kev tiv thaiv kev tawg thiab kev kho cua sov ntawm high manganese steel koom nrog ntau yam, xws li kev tsim qauv casting, casting txheej txheem optimization, cov khoom muaj pes tsawg leeg tswj, pouring thiab unpacking kub tswj, thiab kev kho cua sov txheej txheem. Los ntawm kev siv cov kev ntsuas no, kev ua tau zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlau manganese siab tuaj yeem ua kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau siv.
